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  • Pathophysiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease - PMC
    The pathogenesis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease is multifactorial, involving transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations and other lower oesophageal sphincter pressure abnormalities As a result, reflux of acid, bile, pepsin and pancreatic enzymes occurs, leading to oesophageal mucosal injury
  • Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease
    The acid pocket provides a reservoir of acid available to reflux when the intrinsic sphincter fails Central obesity is an important factor in the aetiology of reflux and does this by the increased abdomino-thoracic pressure gradient inducing hiatus hernia and increasing the rate of flow of reflux when sphincter opens
  • Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease
    Gastric pepsin duodenal contents exacerbate the action of acid and deleterious effect on the production of esophagitis The antireflux barriers include two "sphincter" mechanisms: the lower
  • Pathophysiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: implications for . . .
    Following the trajectory of reflux, the failure of the antireflux barrier, primarily the lower oesophageal sphincter and the crural diaphragm, enables the refluxate to reach the oesophageal lumen, triggering oesophageal or extra-oesophageal symptoms
  • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) | Concise Medical . . . - Lecturio
    Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux (GERD): Left image (normal): The LES, a structure at the gastroesophageal junction, maintains a high-pressure zone between the esophagus and the stomach This prevents the reflux of gastric contents
  • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: From Pathophysiology to Treatment . . .
    This textbook offers a state-of-the-art description of the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Although GERD is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, its diagnosis and management are often challenging
  • Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: new understanding . . .
    Throughout time our insight in the pathophysiology of GERD has been characterized by remarkable back and forth swings, often prompted by new investigational techniques Even today, the pathophysiology of GERD is not fully understood but it is now recognized to be a multifactorial disease
  • Cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with gastroesophageal reflux . . .
    Initial episodes of reflux may induce acute esophageal injury resulting in reduced lower esophageal sphincter pressure, delayed acid clearing, and exacerbated reflux Sensitization of the pulmonary tree may cause the airways to become reactive to other stimuli resulting in bronchospasm through a vagal mechanism[ 24 ]
  • Inside GERD: How Your Body Controls (and Sometimes Loses) the Battle . . .
    The stomach is designed to handle this acid, but the esophagus is not When acid escapes back up into the esophagus, it can cause burning pain and damage over time GERD develops when this backward flow of acid becomes chronic This happens when the body’s natural defenses against reflux no longer work properly The Role of the Diaphragm in GERD





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