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fluorine    音标拼音: [fl'ʊr,in] [fl'ɔr,in]
n. 氟[非金属元素]

氟[非金属元素]

fluorine
n 1: a nonmetallic univalent element belonging to the halogens;
usually a yellow irritating toxic flammable gas; a powerful
oxidizing agent; recovered from fluorite or cryolite or
fluorapatite [synonym: {fluorine}, {F}, {atomic number 9}]

Fluorine \Flu"or*ine\ (fl[=u]"[o^]r*[i^]n or fl[=u]"[o^]r*[=e]n;
104), n. [NL. fluorina: cf. G. fluorin, F. fluorine. So
called from its occurrence in the mineral fluorite.] (Chem.)
A non-metallic, gaseous element of atomic number 9, strongly
acid or negative, and associated with chlorine, bromine, and
iodine, in the halogen group of which it is the first member.
It always occurs combined, is very active chemically, and
possesses such an avidity for most elements, and silicon
especially, that it can neither be prepared nor kept in glass
vessels, but may be contained in lead vessels. If set free it
immediately attacks a containing glass vessel, so that it was
not isolated until 1886. It is a pungent, corrosive,
colorless gas. Symbol F. Atomic weight 19.00.
[1913 Webster]

Note: Fluorine unites with hydrogen to form hydrofluoric
acid, which is the agent employed in etching glass. It
occurs naturally, principally combined as calcium
fluoride in fluorite, and as a double fluoride of
aluminium and sodium in cryolite.
[1913 Webster]


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  • Spontaneity and nature of attack of fluorine gas on aluminum
    Fluorine is one of the most dangerous substances out there, and one of the presumed products, $\ce{OF2}$, is also terrifying If you can calculate the free energy change for a reaction, you will know whether it is spontaneous
  • inorganic chemistry - Why is fluorine the most electronegative atom . . .
    Fluorine has a high electron affinity (easy to gain an electron) and a high ionization energy (hard to lose an electron) There are other scales, including the Allred-Rochow scale , based on effective nuclear charge and covalent radius , the Sanderson scale based on atomic size, and the Allen scale based on the average energy of the valence
  • Why does chlorine have a higher electron affinity than fluorine?
    Fluorine, though higher than chlorine in the periodic table, has a very small atomic size This makes the fluoride anion so formed unstable (highly reactive) due to a very high charge mass ratio Also, fluorine has no d-orbitals, which limits its atomic size As a result, fluorine has an electron affinity less than that of chlorine
  • halides - Why is fluorine more reactive than iodine despite the weaker . . .
    In comparing the reactivity of fluorine or iodine, there are a couple of factors to consider Part of it is the strength of the $\ce{X–X}$ bond, which is a barrier that tends to discourage them from reacting Obviously, the higher this barrier, the less reactive the halogen is (in general)
  • Is F2 two fluoride ions or just one? - Chemistry Stack Exchange
    A fluorine atom can share electrons with another nonmetal to form a covalent bond When sharing electrons in a covalent bond, the fluorine is still called an atom, because it has not gained complete control over the electron that is completing its $2p$ orbital In the $\ce{F2}$ molecule, there are to fluorine atoms
  • inorganic chemistry - Why is fluorine more reactive than chlorine . . .
    Fluorine molecule has a small atomic radius with 5 electron in 2p orbital This means it has a high charge density on its atom When fluorine molecule breaks up into F- ions it remains highly unstable and just wants to bond with other element Due to this charge density fluorine has high polarizability which makes it more reactive
  • halides - Can fluorine ever have a positive oxidation state . . .
    Rather, the gold is bonded octahedrally to five individual fluorine atoms and a difluorine ($\ce{F2}$) ligand, the latter attached end on and rotated so that in the most stable conformation (according to most of the several optimization schemes used), the remote fluorine atom is eclipsed with one of the other ligands as if attracted to it (a
  • reaction mechanism - Fluorine detection in organic compounds . . .
    The problem is fluorine, and tiny amounts of it in the sample Fluorine in organic compounds does readily not participate in analytical detection tests A straightforward method for the qualitative detection of fluorine in organic compounds requires fusion with an alkali metal (Na, K), followed by fluoride ion detection via zirconium alizarin
  • inorganic chemistry - Does fluorine in FNO3 have +1 oxidation number . . .
    The fluorine is the most electronegetive element in the periodic table that's why it is given a permanent oxidation state of -1 (0 when it is in elemental form) Since I consider my books and resources trustable I will say that in FNO3 fluorine still have an O S of -1 (remember the electronegetivity concept)
  • Reactivity of fluorine compound - Chemistry Stack Exchange
    Fluorine the gas is a very reactive element because it loves to take electrons from other compounds But this is irrelevant to whether compounds containing fluorine are reactive Consider the more common chlorine Chlorine gas is less reactive than fluorine, but is still very reactive It is a dangerous and corrosive compound that has been (and





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